We got a windy day here in Fish Lake Valley, so if you hear the wind blowing in the background, it's just blowing 50 or 60 miles an hour, so don't worry. If the electricity goes off, it'll come back on, but I'll have to start the machines. It's a bad thing. All over again, hopefully, we can make it through our classes. Today, we're still going into the Book of Philippians, but we're going to tie to kind of a parenthetical excerpt here, because people ask me, well, why do you study the Bible in Greek? Why don't you just do it in English? Well, simply because the Bible was written in Greek. If you really want to get a non-translated, basically, or a non-interpreted, or opinions of someone, you've got to go back to the original languages. And I'll talk a little bit about the Bible. The Bible was written by about 39 different writers, all together in the Old and New Testament. It goes back to Abraham's time, basically. If you go back in history, I like the chart behind me. Well, let's rock this history chart here behind me for just a moment. Abraham lived over here in this area, right here. The age of promise, that's where Abraham comes on the scene. And before Abraham, there was no Israel, okay? A lot of people say, well, where was Israel back here? Israel wasn't there. Israel became here because Abraham had a son named Isaac, and Isaac had a son named Jacob and Esau. And Jacob, God named him Israel. So that's when Israel began, even though, in the mind of God, Israel was always back in eternity past, just like us. But now the languages. Languages goes back. We have verified knowledge, known knowledge, that we have writings that go back to 3,500 years before Christ, 3,500 years before Christ. That is in cuneiform. There was Hebrew back there also. The Syriac language, the Chaldean, the Babylonian, all those languages are all interrelated. Even the Arabic, all that goes back to a long time ago. Now, some of the writers and some of the historians and language scholars say, well, we have known language of people writing at 3,500 BC. That's where they were in school. They learned how to write. They were writing in cuneiform. Now cuneiform, the Syriac, Assyrians, and the Babylonians, they wrote with the same script, cuneiform. And the script was the same, but the languages were different. So you had to know, you could pick up cuneiform, and unless you know how to read it in Babylonian or Assyrian or whatever, you couldn't even figure out which language it was in. But we have that known language schools and basically grammars that go back to 3,500 BC. Now, they say it could go all the way back to 10,000 BC, whatever. But we have known examples of it in 3,500 BC. And according to some Bible what we call historical graphs, Adam was created basically in 4,000 BC according to those graphs. Whether he was created at that time or not, we do not know. But some of the scholars say they trace the lineages all the way back and they say that God created Adam around 4,000 BC. Well, if that's so, then 3,500 BC is only 500 years this side of that. Now, there is a lot of controversy and debate over which was first, Hebrew or cuneiform. Now, Hebrew, if you know the Hebrew language, it's easy to go back into the Chaldean, because Chaldean and Hebrew, it's part of the Bible was written in Chaldean. Books, parts of Daniel and other books were written in Chaldean. But if you know Chaldean, and you know Hebrew, then it is a little easier to read Assyrian and Babylonian in cuneiform. The verbs are there. The masculine, singular, dual, and plural, all of that is in those languages. You see that. And I'm going to read to you a history of the Greek language. I believe God inspired two languages, Hebrew and Greek. I believe God inspired men to develop those languages. Because the Bible was going to be written to mankind in Hebrew and Chaldean and in Greek. The New Testament is in Greek. Even though some people say that the book of Matthew, when Matthew wrote the book of Matthew, he originally wrote it in Hebrew. Whether he did or not, it's in Greek, we know. Absolutely, and that was one of the, what we might call, the confirmed books of the New Testament. When you study any languages now, and we'll be talking mostly about the Greek language, and the history of it, and how it is compiled, the Greek language is probably the most perfect language that has ever been created. There's eight cases, nominative, genitive, ominative, locative, instrumental, dative, accused, even boctive. In English, we have a subject and object, basically. In Greek, we have all of these. It goes back to the classical Greek. It went into the dialects before that, which I'll tell you about that. But I'll just say one time that the modern Greek is not like the Greek of the Bible, by the way. Modern Greek basically has two cases also. And the verb forms are much more simple than the Bible is. And if you study my classes when I'm teaching from the Bible, from Greek, or even from Hebrew, you'll see me bringing all this grammar in. Modern Hebrew is not really like the Biblical Hebrew, even though it's probably more like Biblical Hebrew than it ever was. When you study the languages of the people that are writing, you have to understand their daily habits, their ideas, their time clock, their calendar. All of this has to be understood. When you're studying Chaldean or Hebrew, when you're studying those languages, you have to study the customs of those people at that time, the manners and customs of those people. If you don't, you've kind of missed some things out. You have to also learn what we might call the word pictures in those languages. Sometimes it didn't really mean what it says, but you have to put it in context. And in Greek, you can know what the context is right now. It just tells you. It's masculine, feminine, neuter, and plural. All of this, singular and plural, all of this there, you can take a definite article out of Greek. Let's put that right here. A definite article in Greek is a whole. A and a whole. There are three definite articles. Masculine, feminine, and neuter. If I've got a whole in front of a word there, and it's usually an arrow or a pointer to that word, the word is going to agree with that definite article, number, gender, and case. Whole, this is a subject, that's nominative, singular, masculine, and then it's plural also. But nominative, singular, masculine, so you know the person that's talking here is a man, and this is a subject. And you'll know whether it is men or a man. You'll know whether it's a woman or women. And you'll know whether it is in the neuter case. So the language is very definite. And then the verb forms, they'll tell you whether it's done, in the process of being done, historically, how long it took to be done. All of this, it's all in the language. It's there. The same thing in Hebrew. Now that, excuse me for a moment, my voice isn't as good as what it used to be. The Sanskrit, like Greek, has eight cases, nominative, genitive, obligative, locative, insummative, dative, accusative, and bogative. Okay, I can explain every one of those, but I do it when I'm teaching the Greek. You have to study the customs of the people. You have to study the people. You have to learn how the words were made up and maybe borrowed, and how the word ekklesia, that means one's called out. In the Greek times, when Alexander the Great, every city-state of the great nation of Greece They had an ekklesia, people that were called out in there to make decisions. It was a democracy, a sub-democracy under the whole empire. And when Jesus called out his ekklesia, his church, it is a sub-democracy of the great kingdom of God. The many languages are divided into families and branches. The Western language which we're going to talk about now, at this moment, stem from the Greek language and the Latin. The oldest language that we have written representative of us is the Sanskrit and cuneiform. There are eight cases and nouns just like in the Greek. Sanskrit is a kind of like an older sister to the Greek language. We all know that originally all the Earth spoke one language, right over here. Before the Tower of Babel, everyone spoke one language. What that language was? Maybe Hebrew? Possibly. You know, the word Babylon goes all the way back to the Babylonian Tower, Tower of Babel. As the Word of God records in the Book of Genesis, man had become evil, a-rah, a-room, and had built a tower that reached unto the heavens, and the tower was completed, and the tower was very tall, and they thought if another flood, and this is after the flood, they thought if there was another flood that they could get up on this great tower and they could survive. and they could live as they did. But they were so evil that they probably would destroy themselves and each other, so God confused the languages. And by the way, this is when God divided the continents at this time, too. People went to where he could understand each other, and so when they were there where they could understand each other, God would divide the earth into continents. Before that, it was God wanted a Pangea. And so the earth began to divide, and it divided pretty quick. Not only they were building cities with mud, bricks, and stones, and like they did there at the Tower of Babel. And you know, mud and rock and stuff, when you have earthquakes, it falls down. So there's a great big whole lot of shaking going on at that time. There are some language scholars that there are 760 basic language groups, with an additional 2,796 family divisions of those. In America, for instance, by the way, the American Indian got here when God divided the earth. They were here all the time. They didn't get here over some land bridge. They were here, period. That's it. That's what the Bible teaches. In California alone, in the native Indian languages, there was a masculine language and a feminine language. The women spoke one language, the men spoke another. And you might say, maybe that's why women and men don't understand each other. Today, we still speak another language. All right. Well, anyway, there were over 3,000 Native American languages on this continent. Over 3,000 Native American languages on this continent. When God confused the languages, he also divided the earth, spreading the people all over the parts of the globe. Well, the scripture says in the days of Peleg, God divided the earth. Peleg comes from the word division. The word Pharisee comes from the same word. They divided themselves or separated themselves from the rest of the people. The written history of language. We have quite a bit of written history of languages. The oldest language in the Indo-European languages is the Greek, and the Latin also back there. It's dialects go back into absolute antiquity. We do not know how far back they go, although we have a written history, a known history, as far back as 1500 BC. Now, the Indo-European languages and the Syriac or the Assyrian and Babylonian and Hebrew, their languages are different. The Indo-European languages, and there were pro-Indo-European languages, languages before that. We don't know. We know for 1,500 years BC. But it goes back further than that. Could have been 2,500, 3,500, 4,500. Sure, it could have been. We know we have evidence. We have known evidence of it going back that long. We have known evidence of the cuneiform language going back 3,500 years. But it doesn't mean it didn't go back further. It means that we have known what we all call tangible evidence. The Indo-European language are our basics centered around Central Asia and Western Central Europe. Again, the oldest language we have written account of is Sanskrit and cuneiform. Then we have the Greek and the dialects of that language. We have Homer's writings from around 900 BC and what we call classical Greek. The Attic or the Ionic Greek goes way back before that. Different scholars called the sage of Greek age by age of different terms. The next stage of the Greek language is called Italic. Italic, in which the Latin was a chief dialect. We have a lot of Latin literature handed down to us because of the Roman Empire and the Catholic Church, the Holy Roman Empire. After about 330 AD, the Catholic Church changed the Bible and everything into Latin. They knew that the common man cannot speak Latin, and they were changing, and the Catholic Church was evolving so much away from the Scriptures that it took the Scriptures away from them. The common language from about 330 BC to 330 AD was Greek. Koine Greek. Common Greek. Koine means common. Almost all the empire and the Church's documents were written in Latin after 330 AD. The European languages, Latin is the basis of many of the Romance languages, such as Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese, and Romanian. By the way, if you can read Spanish, you can pretty much read Latin. It's a whole lot alike. If you know Italian, Latin is rare. Other branches of the language, such as the English derived from the Teutonic language, and the language of the ancient Dutch and German, The English language also has its roots in Gothic and Gaelic. The English language has many roots or foundations, and it is a compilation of many other languages, including Latin and Greek. All of the scientific language and medical language in English, that is, comes from the Greek. All of the legal terms comes from Latin because of the Catholic Church. OK, Latin. The languages, including Latin and Greek, the people in Denmark, Sweden, Norway, and Iceland speak the Scandinavian languages. And there are some pretty old documents written in these languages dating back to the fourth century AD. That's the 300s. Slavic is a branch of the European tongue, also distributed in Eastern and Southern Europe. It survives chiefly in Russia and Polish and some of the Balkan states. The Bulgarian has the oldest literature, although Russia is probably the most widely distributed among these. And by the way, Russian is written in Greek letters. Celtic is the ancient language of Western Europe. representing chiefly the Gauls, and the Britons, and the Irish, and the Scots, and the Welsh. Middle Eastern languages now. From the original script, we have the Iranian branch. Iran is Persia, Persian. We have some words coming from Persian, all the way down into English. One of the words is paradise. Paradise went from Babylonian. or Persian, into Hebrew, into Greek, Paradiso, and into English. It never changed, the sound of it. The word amen, amen, so be it. I'll stand by it. It come from Persian, into Hebrew, into Greek, and also into English. The Persian language, this includes the Zen dialect, which is preserved in Zen to Avesta, and the sacred books of the Zoroastrian religion. These writings have been handed down from, they say, the time of ancient Babylon, when Zoroaster, a possible contemporary of Daniel, lived. You have to remember that these languages were related to each other in so many ways, each influencing the others. And the Greek language was heavily influenced by some of the Asian languages. We know it was, but, well, man, and paradise, don't we? That's two words I can just throw at you right now. The Greek language development. When we look at the New Testament and get down to the basis history of the Greek language, we have a firm foundation going back to 1500 BC plus. We have known examples at 1500 BC, but that's only known examples. It goes back way further than that. Known examples at 1500 BC, it was a sophisticated, educated, they had colleges, they had grammars that were teaching this language. Let me show you something in just a moment. This is a Greek grammar. Quite a book. And I have written in almost every page of this thing. And here it's A.T. Robertson's A Grammar of the Greek New Testament in the Light of Historical Research by A.T. Robertson. A.T. Robertson was the son-in-law of John A. Brawlers. John A. Brawlers wrote a lot of his work. He kept all of his father-in-law's work and he put it in printed form. This has got thousands of pages in it. 1,400 plus pages. There's another. Fall over things. There's another Greek lexicon here. If this doesn't throw me on the ground, I'm going to have to get it up by myself. This is big. This thing is big. It's thousands of pages. This is Ecclesiastical and Profane Greek. This is it. This is Greek-English Lexicon by Liddell and Scott. And it has... from 2,000 to 3,000 pages, plus editions. I'm not even going to try to put that back right now. Those are two of the great grammars, of the greatest grammars and lexicons of the Greek New Testament and profane Greek. When we talk about ecclesiastical Greek, that's church Greek, or relating to the church or relating to the New Testament Greek. And profane, it means all the other, where all these things evolved. We have Homer, we have Plato, and some other great writers that are preserved. Not as well as the New Testament, by the way, I might say. There was a formation of the Greek that extends to prehistoric times, and I do not mean Neanderthal time, but the time before we have any history of it being used, what we call known evidence, up to Homer's time, around 900 BC. The primitive tribes of the Greek nation were basically in the Aryan family. It goes back, some believe, to the Keturah. And here we have Abraham over here. Over here is Abraham. There. There's Abraham. There. Didn't turn back far enough. Abraham lives right here. It goes back to Abraham's time. The primitive tribes of the Greek nation were basically an Aryan family living in West Central Asia. A group of these tribes from its original stock migrated to the little peninsula of southern Europe. Now remember, we talked about the Greek, Japheth, come from Japheth. This all the way back over here, Japheth. Japheth was Noah's son, okay, Noah's son. A group of these tribes, the original stock, migrated to a little peninsula in southern France known as Greece. The topographical character of Greece is extremely mountainous. And basically, the tribes were separated because of the mountains between them. As a result, they developed separate dialects. Now, even here in Fish Lake Valley, way over that mountain, you go over into California over there. And I remember when I was young here in the 1950s, to go to town. was an expedition. It was only like where I lived in the south end of Fish Lake Valley. It was only like 40 miles. But it went over two mountain ranges. And back in then, those cars in the 1950s were not real reliable. And of course, if you lived in the 1950s, you didn't have a 1950 car a lot of times. It was 1930s and 40s. And so those cars going over these mountain ranges with the brakes and the steep hills and everything and the rough roads, most of the roads were dirt or gravel. So you didn't get to go to town very often. But what if you drove a horse or walked? It'd take weeks to go. Maybe a whole week, two weeks to go over there, a week to go over there, and a week to come back if you trotted. As the Greek Empire rose, there were many dialects, such as the Attic, the Bohemian, the Thessalian, the Arcadian, the Doric, the Aeolic, the Ionic, the Attic. Attic means from Athens. Ionic means from Ionia. The most attractive of these was the Attic and the Ionic. So they had more influence than any of the other languages. period in Greek literature spreads from 900 BC to 330 BC. During the time, the Attic dialect was predominant. Every place that Alexander the Great conquered, they spoke Greek. That's what you call it, the common language of all the people. Combining all of these languages in one beautiful, most definite language that mankind has ever known. The old classical Greek grammars were basically founded on Attic and Ionic grammars. They were at least eight cases in the nouns and many verb forms, and you had the fluid verb called the participle and marriage of the noun and the verb together. The Koine Greek period extended from 330 BC to 330 AD. It was called the common language, Koine meaning common. We got the word communist from that language. And his basic was the Attic and Ionic dialects that Greek was freely used among all the peoples of the then known world. All the Hebrews in Palestine spoke Greek. They had the Hebrew Bible translated into the Greek. They called the Septuagint. Jesus spoke from the Septuagint most of the time when he quoted the Bible. And he corrected it in Hebrew. Alexander the Great conquered the entire then known world in about 14 years, spreading the language. The language culture influenced all the Mediterranean, North Africa, and Europe territories. By the way, North Africa, all of that area, they spoke Greek. That's where the Alexandrian school was in Alexandria, Egypt. And it was all in Greek. This is what we call the Hellenistic Greeks culture. Even in the churches of the Lord Jesus Christ, back in those areas, they were Hellenistic. They spoke Greek. The Greeks were very aggressive and seafaring people, and they covered all the shores of the Mediterranean, as far as the Latin or Italian world. The language was specific language. It caught on as a common language and contracts and legal binding documents. Most everyone understood the Koine Greek. It was a universal language of that time. English, you know, basically spread all over the world. Japan, their second language is English. In Russia, the second language is English. In Germany, the second language is English. All of these countries, the second language is English. The Greeks, under the leadership of Alexander the Great, were united in a way that they had not known before. Before, they were a specific little democratic republic. Ecclesiastes. OK. This tells you a church is not a hierarchy. The Catholic Church is a perversion of the churches of the Lord Jesus Christ. It is not a democracy. It has a hierarchy, and the Pope is ahead of all of it. And they claimed that Peter was the first pope, which he wasn't. These republics were formed into the Greek Empire. Alexander the Great went forth to conquer from 334 to 320 BC. Now, before Christ, the numbers are greater, and then they come less when you get toward Christ. In these 14 years, he conquered the whole world. no known world there. He Hellenized, or Greekized, the entire world, spreading Koine Greek. Even the subsequent Roman Empire used the Greek for their converse when they took over. The Roman Empire still used Greek because the Greek culture conquered them. The official Roman seal of the Roman Empire was written in Greek. The coins were printed in Greek. Classical Greek gradually gave way to the Koine Greek in 330 BC to 330 AD. Then came the Byzantine period of the Greek language extended from 330 to 1453 AD. The Byzantine period begins with the division of the Roman and the splitting of the Greek and Roman churches. Let me show you that up here. You need to look at this class on video to get on with it. Here we have the Greek Catholic and the Roman Catholic Church, what's called the Greek Orthodox. And it actually began, the division began in 869 AD. The Byzantine period, with the division of the Roman Empire and the splitting of the Greek-Roman churches during this period of time. Many of the beautiful churches throughout Palestine were built in the Byzantine. They had a lot of this tile floor. The language of the Greek church remained to be Greek as the Roman church transferred its ability or language to Latin. The Byzantine church was a little different from the Koine Greek or the Roman church that had been transferred from Latin. They still baptized. dip people for baptism. Because Greek, baptizo, means to dip or immerse. If you want to sprinkle somebody, that was rontizo. If you wanted to pour something on them, that was nipto. The modern period of Greek language extends from 1453 A.D. into the present time. A lot about the language that has spoken among the Greek today is similar to the Koine than the classical Greek of Homer's day, but it is greatly different language regardless. The Mycenaean age from 1500 BC to 1000 BC. Mycenae. The age of the dialects. Here we're talking about the Attic and Ionic from 100 BC to 330 BC. The age of the Koine Greek from 330 BC to 330 AD. The Byzantine period from 330 to 1453. Now we have three copies of the Greek New Testament in Koine Greek or in Koine Classical. And that was done in 325 A.D. by Constantine when he married the church to the state, which is not biblical either. But all of those old Greek manuscripts were written in Usel, in other words, all capital letters, and they were written in Koine, classical Greek. And then the modern Greek period from 1453 to the present time. It is important to remember that Greek language has an unbroken history. It extended from the present day all the way back to 1500 plus BC. We know known examples in 1500, but that's a known example. It didn't start there. It was already developed, and it spread from there. No other language has that long of unbroken history, even the Hebrew, which I believe is probably the oldest language in the world, has an unbroken history also. None of the Western languages have a language that old. They did not speak it for many years, so it had to recover, the Hebrew language. The Hebrew language had to recover from about 600 to 1,080. When Jesus was on the ground, most of them were speaking in Koine Greek. The Greek scholars, the greatest scholars of the Greek language historically were Desmond of Germany, Moulton in England, and the greatest American Greek scholar extant was Archibald Thomas Robertson. A.T. Robertson is basically my grandfather in the teaching of the Greek language that I have studied. My teachers under me, under A.T. Robertson, were John A. Broadus, his father-in-law. And John A. Broadus actually went before A.T. Robertson, of course. Much of what A.J. Robinson brought in his brilliant career, John A. Broaddus, were developed from John A. Broaddus' writings. A brilliant Greek scholar, probably as great as Robertson's help. Many of the notes of John A. Broaddus left behind, Robertson used in forming both his Greek grammars, the long one and the short one. As most scholars refer to him, I know this is a longer class today, I want to get this in one class. The New Testament, Greek language, although written during the time of the usage of the Koine, 330 B.C. to 330 A.D., is different in many ways. The former owner of the New Testament was a Septuagint of the Old Testament, which was translated in Alexandria, Egypt in 285 B.C. by, they say, 72 scholars. That's why it's called the Septuagint, the 70. The scholars translated the Hebrew scriptures and Koine Greek. This greatly influenced the writing of the New Testament, and many Hebraisms are brought into the New Testament. The Hebrew language were carried over into the New Testament language. The book of Revelation has so many Hebraisms that people gripe about it and say it couldn't be inspired because the grammatic is not correct like it was in the rest of the writings of John. But it's written in Greek with a Hebrew mind. The New Testament was written in Koine Greek, which was basically the Greek of the time of Christ. but it had heavy relationships to the Greek of the Septuagint. Remember that Christ quoted the Septuagint most of the time. The New Testament is referred to as biblical Greek. It is not a God-inspired language in itself, but I believe that God had a lot of influence on it and made these men develop this language or allowed them to do that. I think God had a lot to do with putting The Old Testament in Hebrew and the New Testament in Greek. You have to carefully study in light of historical research to understand many terms. For example, the term ekklesia, which the Lord called out his church, his ekklesia, or his assembly was a term that was very old. You have to understand what the term meant. And to not go into that at that time, at this time, Biblical Greek was influenced greatly by the Hebrew language. The book of Revelation, and I'm kind of repeating myself here because I'm reading my written notes now. The Greek parts of speech are so poor in Revelation that many Greek scholars did not even recognize it as part of the New Testament because of that. It is put together very poorly, heavily infected by the Hebrew language. Revelation 19 and verse 11 onward is directly from the Hebrew. The king of kings and of lords is Adonai Ha-Adonaiim, from the Hebrew. I believe God inspired John to write that book just exactly like it is today. When you study these sayings, you have to realize that there are many influences from the other languages. Literary koine, in contrast to biblical koine, comes from the writings of Plutarch, Polybius, Josephus, Strabo, Philo, et cetera. There's a history I have over there from Philo and Eusebius. We have many written examples of how they use words. If you're going to do any Greek word study, you will find out that the scholars will quote how this or that writer used this certain word. The papyri writings, the most ancient writing material that was used from split Egyptian papyrus and reed, date back to extreme antiquity. We have quite a few of these writings, and we can see how they influence the biblical Greek. We have the government documents, contracts, letters, wills, court records written in papyrus. Then we have inscriptions. On the ancient monuments are potsherds, pieces of pottery left behind. We find inscriptions, writings. If you go over the ancient world along the Roman road, you will find many, many Greek inscriptions all over the place on pillars and whatever. I could read them when I was over there. These all give us evidence of how the Greek writers used words at that time. The potsherds were called athraka, or fragments of broken jars and jugs. The common man often would make a contract with his neighbor and make some notation on a piece of broken pottery. The common man could not afford papyrus. That was an expensive piece of variety material. So he used pottery to write his contracts on. They kept that piece of pottery. Sometimes they were writing on a pot that wasn't even broken. As you study the Greek language, you have to study these potters, and because they provide evidence of the evolution of the Greek languages throughout the time we call the biblical Greek period. At the time of the New Testament, you have biblical, literary, and vernacular Koine Greek. The vernacular means the common language of the day. Vernacular English is how we use English today, not how they'd use it in 1600. The literary koine is basically represented of the extra-biblical writings and literature. And all inscriptions, some from the papyri, some from the astraeca, or potters, the vernacular koine is represented by some of the papyri and nearly all the biblical Greek. We'll finish this class in just a minute. I've got to read just one more line here. Vernacular simply means common language that was used or spoken in conversation between people. To understand the New Testament Greek, you have to study the Septuagint and the mother of the New Testament Greek to see how Hebrew was translated into Greek. And to get the Hebrew idea, the Hebraism, There was even some Latin influence brought into the Greek and New Testament times. The Latin was less influential than the Aramaic or the Hebrew, but there are 31, 32 terms from the Latin that A.T. Robertson represents as having strong Latin influence in the New Testament. I hope that this class has educated you on languages and how they evolved and on the languages of the New Testament and the Old Testament. The Bible is inspired in these languages. It is perfect in those languages. You can trust it for your eternal soul. Our Father, we send these messages out for your honor and glory. Thank you for all the wonderful blessings you give to each and every day. Please use this message to honor and glorify yourself and your son throughout the world. In Jesus name I pray, amen. That's quite a story.