Heidelberg Catechism, Lord's
Day 51, question 126. What is the fifth petition? And
forgive us our debts as we forgive our debtors. That is, be pleased
for the sake of Christ's blood not to impute to us miserable
sinners our manifold transgressions, nor the evil which still always
cleaves to us, as we also find this witness of thy grace in
us that it is our full purpose heartily to forgive our neighbor. You may notice a couple of elements
in this question and answer that are quite significant. You have,
of course, a confession of sin. You have the confession of sin
in the reality that we're called miserable sinners. Miserable
sinners is, of course, sinners who are unhappy about it, sinners
whose sin is a burden to them. But of course, it's also just
a reality. We are still struggling against
sin. Because of this, it can speak
of manifold transgressions, not one, not two, manifold transgressions. And indeed, there is an evil
which always clings to us, even at our best moments, even in
our holiest works. There's something there that's
not what it should be. But we're taught to pray in this
way, and we're taught to pray in this way because God answers
this kind of prayer. We need forgiveness, but God
holds it up. And then you also notice that
the definition of forgiveness is put in this language not to
impute. In other words, not to reckon
to our account, not to hold against us. In the Bible, the non-imputation
of sin and the imputation of righteousness go together. In
other words, where God does not hold our sins against us, he
also applies to us the righteousness of Christ. So there's that element
of imputation where God charges our sins to Christ instead of
to us, And he charges or lays to our account Christ's righteousness
instead of our own. So that concept of imputation
is extremely important for understanding the Bible's teaching about the
forgiveness of sins. That's why it's brought in here,
explaining this in the Heidelberg Catechism. And in the very first
Reformed confession that was ever written in Italian from
1559, the Italian refugee congregation in Geneva, we read this. By faith
in Christ alone, and not by any good work or merit of ours, we
obtain the forgiveness and the remission of sins worked by Him,
by God, so that they are no more imputed to us and counted to
us in God's judgment. You see how that's expressed?
Forgiveness means the non-imputation of sin. They are not counted
to us. in God's judgment. Well, as you
think about the sins you have committed, as you think about
the evil that still always clings to you, what a mercy, what a
blessing to know that none of that is held against you. There's a non-imputation of sin.